Rainfall measurements collected since 2005 (Long Observation Period) by recording raingauges deployed in the densified area : 1.2-1.9°W/15-15.7°N, up to 18 gages. NB: Negative values are missing values. Negative value other than -9999.9 is missing value estimated from the bucket. For a period with such missing data, although the same value is indicated for each timestep, the value applies to the whole time period.

Aboveground herbaceous mass, vegetation cover fraction, LAI are monitored in sites located within the Hombori super-site and representatives of the 3 main components of the landscape: sand dunes (Agoufou, Hombori Hondo, Tara and Timbadior), erosion surface (Eguerit), seasonally inundated clay soils (Kelma plain) and millet (Bilantao). For mass estimation, the herbaceous layer is monitored using a stratified random technique. Measurements are performed at least every month during the rainy season, from June to mid-October and twice during the dry season. LAI is estimated using hemispherical photographs. For the Kelma forest, hemispherical photographs are also used to derive the Plant Area Index (PAI).

Rainfall measurements collected since 2005 (Enhanced Observation Period of the AMMA project) by ~25 recording raingauges to complement and densify the meso site network (CL.Rain_N), in particular over the Niger Central supersite. NB: Negative values are missing values. Negative value other than -9999.9 is missing value estimated from the bucket. For a period with such missing data, although the same value is indicated for each timestep, the value applies to the whole time period.

Observation of the seasonal cover dynamics and funtionning. States of each phenophase were recorded using the following classification: 0 = absent, 1 = beginning, buds for leaves and flowers and early stage of maturity for fruits, 2 = weak, 10-50% of the shrub covered with mature or ripe organs, 3 = peak, over 50% of the shrub covered with mature or ripe organs, 4 = declining, 10-50% of the shrub covered with senescent organs (dissemination beginning for fruits), 5 = end, over 50% of the shrub covered with senescent, dry and falling organs.

Measurements of biometeorological parameters on different surfaces: herbaceous savanna, seasonally flooded forest, sandy bare soil, shallow soils on rock and hard pan and fine texture soils. Measurements are made every minute and integrated on 15 minutes time step.

Ce jeu contient les données de flux calculés à partir des mesures turbulentes réalisées avec le dispositif eddycovariance couplant l''analyseur rapide open-path LI-7500 et l''anémomètre sonic tridimensionnel CSAT3. Ces données sont de niveau 3, c''est à dire qu''elles sont nettoyées des données abérrantes et gapfillées au pas de temps semi-horaire du 18 mars 2005 au 31 décembre 2018:- Flux de chaleur latente = LE_filled (W/m²)- Flux d''évapotranspiration = E_ filled (g/m²/s)- Flux de chaleur sensible = H_filled (en W/m²)- Flux net de CO2 ou Net ecosystem exchange = NEE_filled (en µmol/m²/s)- Flux net de CO2 ou Net ecosystem exchange converti en gramme de carbone et intégré sur la demi-heure = NEE_filled_2 (en gC/m²/demi-heure)- Flux net de CO2 cumulé = NEE_cumul (gC/m²)- Flux de CO2 entrant ou photosysnthèse de l''écosystème ou Gross primary production = GPP (en µmol/m²/s)- Flux de CO2 sortant ou respiration de l''écosystème = Reco (en µmol/m²/s)Ce jeu contient également les indices (flags) qualité associés qui renseignent sur la méthologie de reconstruction des données manquantes ou filtrées.

Rainfall measurements collected over a network of daily reading raingauges, installed on a square of 10 km X 10 km (6 East-West lines of 10 km each, separated by 2 km from each other) located at the center of the Diantandou kori basin. The network is installed through a catena from the bottom of Dantiandou kori valley (Banizoumbou) to the Bani Kossey depression (10 km). The network is visited each day to record previous rainfall.

Ce jeu contient les données de flux calculés à partir des mesures turbulentes réalisées avec le dispositif eddycovariance couplant l''analyseur rapide open-path LI-7500 et l''anémomètre sonic tridimensionnel CSAT3. Ces données sont de niveau 2, c''est à dire qu''elles sont nettoyées des données abérrantes au pas de temps semi-horaire du 18 mars 2005 au 31 décembre 2018:- Flux de chalur dans le sol = G (W/m²)- Stockage de chaleur dans le sol = G_storage (W/m²) - Flux de chaleur sensible = H (W/m²)- Stockage de chaleur sensible dans la couche entre le sol et le dispositif eddycovariance = H_storage (W/m²)- Flux de chaleur latente = LE (W/m²)- Stockage de chaleur latente dans la couche entre le sol et le dispositif eddycovariance = LE_storage (W/m²)- Flux net de CO2 ou Net ecosystem exchange = NEE (µmol/m²/s)- Stockage de CO2 dans la couche entre le sol et le dispositif eddycovariance = C_storage (µmol/m²/s)- Niveau de turbulence ou vitesse de friction = Ustar (m/s)Ce jeu contient également les indices (flags) qualité associés qui renseignent sur la qualité de la mesure.

Data of type hydrology-hydrogeology measured on Le Lez (Méditerranée) basin within the framework of the MEDYCYSS observatory, that is part of the KARST observatory network. The KARST observatory network aims to strengthen knowledge-sharing and to promote cross-disciplinary research on karst systems, in the framework of the OZCAR Critical Zone network Research Infrastructure. Data consist in 18 time series on 8 station(s). The measured parameters are: Discharge (m3/s), Water level (cm), Water pressure (kPa), Water table depth (cm). Measurements start on 29-07-2005 and end on 25-02-2023

Data of type hydrology-hydrogeology measured on L'Isle basin within the framework of the KARSTS AQUITAINS observatory, that is part of the KARST observatory network. The KARST observatory network aims to strengthen knowledge-sharing and to promote cross-disciplinary research on karst systems, in the framework of the OZCAR Critical Zone network Research Infrastructure. Data consist in 1 time series on 1 station(s). The measured parameters are: Discharge (m3/s). Measurements start on 01-07-2005 and end on 02-08-2018