The Bartlett Experimental Forest is relocateable site in Domain 01 Northeast and the site is part of NEON's sampling design. The site is located in New Hampshire. BART extends from the village of Bartlett in the Saco River valley at 680 ft to about 3,000 ft at its upper reaches. Aspects across the forest are primarily north and east. This particular site was chosen because it represented conditions (soils, elevation, climate, tree species composition) typical of many forested areas throughout New England and northern New York. An actively managed forest: manged protions (30% reflect a range of forest patch sizes and structural distrubutions. Sampling area is 15.66 km^2. . Airborne remote sensing surveys of this field site collect collect lidar, spectrometer and high-resolution RGB camera data. The flux/meterological tower at this site is 116’ with 6 measurement levels. The tower top extends above the vegetation canopy to allow sensors mounted at the top and along the tower to capture the full profile of atmospheric conditions from the top of the vegetation canopy to the ground. The tower collects physical and chemical properties of atmosphere-related processes, such as humidity, wind, and net ecosystem gas exchange. Precipitation data are collected by a tipping bucket at the top of the tower and a series of throughfalls located in the soil array. This site has five soil plots placed in an array within the airshed of the flux tower. Field ecologists collect the following types of observational data at this site: Terrestrial organisms (birds, ground beetles, mosquitoes, plants, small mammals, soil microbes, ticks), Biogeochemical data, and and soil data. Total data products collected at this site is 116.

Tierberg Karoo Research Station (TKRS) is a Long Term Ecological Research field facility available for use by organisations involved in research and tertiary education in the natural sciences. The field site comprises 100 ha of natural Karoo shrubland situated in the Karoo Biome. The field site has been fenced to exclude domestic livestock since July 1987. Studies of plant, bird and small mammal populations at this site have contributed substantially to present conceptual understanding of ecological process in the Karoo and provide valuable baselines for research.

Orgovany-Agasegyhaza site for studying production-diversity relations and weather effect of productivity.

Gingin Banksia Woodland SuperSite is located on the Swan Coastal Plain, approximately 10 km southwest of Gingin, near Perth, Western Australia, sited on land traditionally owned by the Yued group of the Noongar people. The site has an elevation of 51 m and 2 km from the University of Western Australia International Gravity Wave Observatory. The Gingin Banksia Woodland SuperSite is located in a natural woodland of high species diversity (overstorey dominated by Banksia spp.) that overlays the Gnangara groundwater mound, Perth’s most important groundwater resource. The mean annual precipitation is 641mm for this coastal heath woodland. The overstorey is dominated by Banksia spp. mainly B. menziesii, B. attenuata, and B. grandis with a height of around 7 m and leaf area index of about 0.8. There are occasional stands of eucalypts and acacia that reach to 10 m and have a denser foliage cover. There are many former wetlands dotted around the woodland, most of which were inundated all winter and some had permanent water 30 years ago. The water table has now fallen below the base of these systems and they are disconnected and are no longer permanently wet. The fine sediments, sometimes diatomaceous, hold water and they have perched water tables each winter. There is a natural progression of species accompanying this process as they gradually become more dominated by more xeric species. The soils are mainly Podosol sands, with low moisture holding capacity. Field capacity typically about 8 to 10%, and in summer these generally hold less than 2% moisture. The water table is at about 8.5 m below the surface, and a WA Dept of water long-term monitoring piezometer is near the base of the OzFlux tower. The Swan Coastal Plain bioregion consists of five main geomorphic entities that are roughly located parallel to the coastline including three coastal sand dune systems with ages increasing inland from the coast. Banksia Woodlands is restricted to the Swan Coastal Plain IBRA bioregion and immediately adjacent areas, including the Dandaragan plateau. Vegetation consists of a prominent tree layer of Banksia with scattered eucalypts and other tree species present within or emerging above the Banksia canopy, and a diverse understorey including sclerophyllous shrubs, graminoids and forbs. The Gingin SuperSite is collocated with the Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Program (LEAP) - Gingin. The traditional owners at Gingin are the Yued group of the Noongar People.

Harvard Forest is a core site in Domain 01: Northeast. Located 73 miles from Boston in Petersham, Massachusetts The Harvard Forest site is spread across 49 km2 of land and is the core NEON site for the Northeast region. Representative habitats at Harvard Forest include northern, transition, and central forests; marshes, swamps, and conifer-dominated bogs; and forest plantations. NEON's meteorological/flux tower and tower sampling plots are located on land owned by Harvard Forest - Harvard University, LTER an forest with a rich history of scientific research. The distributed sampling plots are located along the edge of the Quabbin reservoir which is managed by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Water Supply Protection. For access to the area along the Quabbin, visitors must be accompanied by a NEON project employee. Total data products collected at this site is 119.

The NEON site at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is a 138.1-km^2 core terrestrial field site located in the Cumberland Plateau within Anderson and Roane Counties, TN. It is encompassed within NEON's Appalachians and Cumberland Plateau Domain 7, which includes the world’s longest expanse of hardwood-forested plateau. This domain is home to some of North America's greatest diversity of fish, mollusk, and wildflower species. ORNL is managed by a combination of the Department of Energy (DOE) and Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA). The Domain hosts four other NEON field sites, two aquatic and two terrestrial, three of which are located in Tennessee. Remote sensing surveys of this field site collect lidar, spectrometer and high-resolution RGB camera data. The flux/meteorological tower at this site is 127’ with 6 measurement levels. The tower top extends above the vegetation canopy to allow sensors mounted at the top and along the tower to capture the full profile of atmospheric conditions from the top of the vegetation canopy to the ground. The tower collects physical and chemical properties of atmosphere-related processes, such as humidity, wind, and net ecosystem gas exchange. Precipitation data are collected by a tipping bucket at the top of the tower and a series of throughfalls located in the soil array. This site has five soil plots placed in an array within the airshed of the flux tower. Field ecologists collect the following types of observational data at this site: Terrestrial organisms (birds, ground beetles, mosquitoes, plants, small mammals, soil microbes, ticks), Biogeochemical data, and soil data. Total data products planned for this site: 119

Uhlířská (Jizerské Mts.) is a typical mountain catchment underlain by acidic bedrock and strongly acidified during the second half of the 20th century. Two thirds of the catchment were deforested in 1980s and subsequently reforested by Norway spruce (Picela abies) monoculture. Research here has been mostly focused on fluxes of ecologically important elements and water. The monitored characteristics include bulk and throughfall precipitation amount and chemistry, runoff amount and chemistry as well as soil chemistry, forest biomass and element pools but also plant community composition. Biogeochemical (MAGIC) and hydrological models (BROOK90) have been applied to predict future chemistry and hydrology under different scenarios of atmospheric deposition, forest growth and climate change. Hydrological processes of surface and subsurface runoff formation are studied in the catchment as a whole and in detail at the experimental hillslope Tomšovka using standard hydrologic and isotopic methods, incl. water transit time evaluation and groundwater age dating. Hydrology research focuses on water and heat flux in soil profile as well as on processes in the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Geophysical methods are used to reveal subsurface structures.

The Boyagin Wandoo Woodland SuperSite was established in September 2017 by the University of Western Australia. Located in the Boyagin Nature Reserve, approximately 12 km west of Pingelly, Western Australia the SuperSite monitoring activities complement the Avon River Catchment Critical Zone Observatory at the UWA Future Farm in Pingelly that focusses on managed landscapes (rotational dryland wheat cropping and grazing pastures for sheep). The climate is Semi-arid (Dry) Warm Mediterranean. The Boyagin SuperSite is collocated with the Land Ecosystem Atmosphere Program (LEAP) - Boyagin. Boyagin SuperSite is located in the Avon Wheatbelt (AW2-Re-juvenated Drainage subregion) and has a high density of rare and geographically restricted flora and supports populations of several marsupials subject to fox predation (Numbat, Quenda, Woylie, Tammar, Red-tailed Phascogale, Brushtail Possum) that have disappeared from most of the Australian or Western Australian mainland. The Noongar people are the traditional owners at Boyagin.

Guanica Forest is a core terrestrial field site, located in the Guánica Dry Forest reserve and is part of the NEON Altantic Neotropical domain 04. The Guánica Dry Forest which includes the largest tract of dry tropical coastal forest in the world. The area was once underwater, and the forest grows in limestone (karstic soil) formed from ancient coral reefs. It is located on the southwestern shore of the island, where a heat island effect displaces rain-carrying clouds and creates a warmer, dryer climate. The town of Guánica, with a population of just over 9,000, is situated on the outskirts of the reserve. The GUAN field site is located on land managed by the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources. NEON researchers work closely with the department to minimize their impact on endangered species in the area. The data collection systems at GUAN include airborne remote sensing surveys, automated instrument measurements and observational field sampling. The meteorological/flux tower is 66' with five measurement levels. There are also multiple plots for soil sensors and sampling and organismal sampling including birds, ticks and mosquitoes. At both D04 terrestrial field sites, scientists collected small mammal data from 2016-2017. Small mammal sampling protocols are currently suspended due to safety issues.

The Soaproot Saddle is a complex terrain of coarse hills, steep slopes and narrow drainages. located in the middle elevations of the Sierra National Forest 35 miles northeast of Fresno, near Auberry, California. With an elevation of 3274 - 4537' this site encompasses 1438 acres of mixed conifer forests that are experiencing high levels of mortality due to native Pine beetles. Targeted research addresses a range of concerns and provides much of the direction in resource management. Wildland fire is of particular concern at SOAP, where foresters use a combination of prescribed fire and mechanical fuel treatment to minimize damage while maintaining a healthy fire regime. At the core of this site stands a 171' tall flux tower that collects physical and chemical properties of atmosphere and related process. Soaproot Saddle also hosts an array of sensor measurements along with field observations collected by highly trained NEON staff. The automated instrument measurements and some of the terrestrial observational safor this field site are colocated with NEON's aquatic site, Upper Big Creek, which is located just north of Soaproot Saddle's site boundaries. Total data products planned for this site: 112