In the centre of the highly glacierized Oetztal valley, mass balance is determined for the three neighbouring glaciers Hintereisferner, Kesselwandferner and Vernagtferner, applying the direct glaciological method, related to the ‘fixed date’ system. The diverging behaviour of the three glaciers due to slightly varying local climatic conditions as well as to different topoclimatological and physiographic features gave reason to analyse the Vernagtferner mass balance separately for three easily discernible sections, i.e. Schwarzwand, Taschachjoch and Brochkogel, each showing characteristic aspect and elevational distributions of area respectively. [Reinwarth, O. and Escher-Vetter, H., 1999: Mass balance of Vernagtferner, Austria, from 1964/65 to 1996/97: Results for threesections and the entire glacier. Geogr. Ann., 81 A (4): 743–751.]

The Vernagtferner region has a long tradition of glaciological research performed by groups from Munich. It started in 1889, when Prof. Sebastian Finsterwalder from the Technical University in Munich produced the first map of a complete glacier based on terrestrial photogrammetry. Since then, numerous maps of the glacier have been made, describing the change in surface elevation for more than a century. These maps form the basis of the geodetic method of glacier mass balance determination, which provides volume changes as average data for the period between two surveys, i.e. typically for 10 years. Since the start of the glaciological method on Vernagtferner in 1964, annual as well as winter and summer mass balance data are available continuously. But only since 1973, the construction of the Vernagtbach station, approximately 1 km below the glacier margin at that time, provided the means to record a larger number of hydrological and meteorological parameters with a temporal resolution of typically 1 hour.

We are interested in the interplay and impacts of disturbances, climate change and nitrogen deposition on tree regeneration (Picea abies) in the high elevations of the Bavarian Forest National Park. The process of forest recovery is thereby significantly slowed down by a native grass species (Calamagrostis villosa) which became increasingly competitive due to the sudden, environmental shifts induced by the bark beetle outbreak. This new competitor grows faster than the spruce in conditions of clear cuts, which means higher light and nutrients availability. Furthermore, the productivity of C. villosa is additionally favored by the input of N due to human activity, especially agriculture. We sampled species richness and abundances (spermatophytes), grass biomass and tree regeneration in a systematic grid-based plot sampling. Furthermore, we analyzed data on reproduzing P. abies in the sourrounding area. Additionally, we investigated species richness and abundances (spermatophytes and mosses), pH, salinity and temperatures of forest springs.

insect (Diptera, Chloropidae) data of grasslands of coastal reserve Randu Meadows. Latvia. Insects were collected on 5 transects (26 m) along coast line perpendicular to the coast.From 1996-2012 three times per year monthly (June, July, August) insects were collected by entomological sweep net method along each transect (50 sweeps). Seasonal data were obtained by pooling monthly data for each transect.

In November 2001, two separate Campbell loggers ("Meteologger" and "Hydrologger", both type CR23X) were installed at the Vernagtbach site in the Oetztal Alps, Austria (Latitude: 46.85; Longitude: 10.82; Elevation: 2640 m). On these loggers, 10-minutes centred averages for the meteorological data and 5-minutes centred averages for the hydrological data are recorded. The meteorological parameters comprise air temperature, humidity of the air, air pressure, four radiation components, wind direction and speed, precipitation and snow height. For air temperature, two records are published, recorded with a ventilated and an unventilated Pt-100 in a Stevenson screen; for precipitation, three time series are available: (I) the cumulative record of a weighing gauge for the whole year, (II) single events derived from (I), and (III) single events from a tipping bucket; (II) and (III) are only provided for the period 1, May to 31, October of each year. Wind records are also given with a time step of one hour, as only these records include several statistics of speed and direction. Hydrological parameters are recorded on the "Hydrologger", they comprise water stage, discharge, water temperature and electrolytic conductivity of the water. An identifying number gives the kind of instrument used in the water stage time series. Daily photographs of the glacier are provided and analysed with respect to precipitation type.

Vegetation data of grasslands of coastal reserve Randu Meadows, Latvia. 5 transects (26 m) along coast line perpendicular to the coast. Each transect includes 3 regularly spaced permanently marked relevee's 4 m2 (A, B, C) . Once per year on the end of June assessment of vascular plant communities was performed by old Braun-Blanquet method

This dataset contains information about the phenological stage of several plant species (Salsola genistoides, Maytenus senegalensis, Ziziphus lotus, Anabasis articulataPeriploca laevigata, Anthyllis cytisoides) in arid locations of southeastern Spain.

Precipitation data for aquatic LTER site Riga Hydro Power Station Reservoir on the Daugava River 1976-2015

Air temperature data from aquatic LTER site Salaca River, 1982=2015

Dataset provides information about pH in Lake Paione Superiore(LPS) at different layer depths collected at least twice per year (late summer/autumn) within the period 1978-2013. The ongoing studies of the water chemistry of Paione lakes aimed at monitoring their recovery from acidification or possible responses to climate warming (http://www.ise.cnr.it/research/global-change/altitude-lakes). The Paione lakes (Inferiore and Superiore) are an example of acid-sensitive environments which began in the 1990s to show signs of recovery, with an improvement in pH values and alkalinity and a decrease in sulphate concentrations in response to atmospheric loads.