We monitor fine-scale grassland dynamics in permanent plots in 16 grassland patches at an annual basis since 1999. Patches dominated by either Stipa borysthenica or Festuca vaginata were selected in 1999 in the Fülöpháza Sand Dunes, in the Kiskunság National Park. In each patch, we have one control plot and two plots that were experimentally disturbed (digging or cutting) in 1999. Percentage cover of all vascular species were visually estimated in each year. During the study period, several drought events occurred in the area (2000, 2003, 2012, 2013), which affected species dominance. Drought caused high mortality in both dominant species, but Stipa recovered faster after drought events and gained importance. Years with average or above-average precipitation favoured Festuca recovery.

The LTER site Zöbelboden was equipped with highly modern infrastructure to assess the effects of extreme climate events on the forest ecosystem. The instruments include eddy covariance measurements for CO2 and water vapor fluxes at a tower (900 m a.s.l), and soil respiration auto-chambers, as well as combined sap flow sensors with automated dendrometers in the main footprint area of the eddy tower. This is the so called intensive plot 2 (IP2), which is equipped by a number of different field measurement devices for long-term monitoring (lysimeters water sampling, soil moisture and temperature sensors, manual dendrometers, deposition, litter fall) and supplemented by other monitoring activities (tree inventory, needle and leaf chemistry, soil chemistry). An optical multi-parameter probe for dissolved nitrogen and carbon was installed in the measuring weir of the catchment runoff at 577 m a.s.l. There, weekly water quality, runoff, and meteorology is monitored since many years. The related metadata refer to sap flow measurements and automated dendrometer records. The data can be viewed and downloaded via the link provided using the station names “ZOE_5250B00”, “ZOE_5005B00”, “ZOE_5234B00”, “ZOE_5004B00”, “ZOE_5230B00”, “ZOE_5227B00”, “ZOE_5141B00”, “ZOE_5164B00”, “ZOE_5064B00”, “ZOE_5079B00”, “ZOE_5082B00”, “ZOE_5106B00”.

This dataset combines daily automated weather station (AWS) from the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales The data are on relative humidity (percent), air temperature (degrees Celsius), rainfall (millimetres), air pressure (millibars), net radiation (millivolts), solar radiation (Kilowatts per square metre per second), photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), (micromol per square metre per second), wind speed (metres per second) and wind direction (degrees). These data are an extension for the Daily automated weather station dataset (1998-2015) for the time period July 2015 to August 2016. Data were not collected between 9th October 2015 and 3rd November 2015 due to problems with the sensors. Data are recorded in minute intervals. Up to January 2016 the data were averaged hourly, after January 2016 data were averaged half hourly. Data are then to averaged to daily values, which are reported here. Data collection, processing and quality checking was carried out by members of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. The reported data are collected to monitor site specific environmental conditions and their development with time. These data are important to interpret results that are collected from the climate change manipulations imposed in the field.

This dataset provides data on automated high resolution soil respiration measurements as micromoles of Carbon dioxide per square metre per second. Automated high resolution soil measurements were carried out in campaigns in 2013 and 2014. Campaigns were carried out monthly between June and October 2013 and in June and August 2014 capturing the plants growing season. Data were collected from the climate change field site, Climoor, that is located in the Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Measurements were taken with automated soil respiration chambers. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level soil respiration measurements are important to investigate soil carbon dynamics and changes in soil carbon cycling and storage under the imposed climatic treatments. Soil respiration measurements were carried out by trained CEH Bangor members of staff.

This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. The data contain air temperature, (degrees celsius) soil temperature (degrees celsius) at 2 depths (5 and 20 centimetres) and soil moisture as metre cubed per metre cubed. The data run from 01/07/2015 until 31/08/2016. Data were recorded in minute intervals. Up to January 2016 the data were then averaged hourly, after January 2016 data were averaged half hourly. Data are then to averaged to daily values, which are reported here. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20 to 30 years. The reported plot level temperature and soil moisture data are important to evaluate the effect of the imposed climatic treatments on ecosystem processes and functioning. Data were not collected between 9th October 2015 and 3rd November 2015 due to problems with the sensors. Data collection, processing and quality checking were carried out by CEH Bangor staff members.

This dataset includes litterfall data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in the Clocaenog forest, NE Wales. Litterfall (natural senesced plant material) was collected in litterfall traps (12 x 7.5cm pots standing slightly proud of the soil/litter surface, emptied monthly). Litterfall was calculated by drying the contents of the traps and weighing the samples; values were calculated for each quadrat (total weight (g) only) and for each plot (total weight (g) and weight per metre squared (g/m2)). Data spans the periods Oct 1999 to Jan 2004 and July 2008 to June 2011. Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the methods. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.

The dataset contains number of plant species, diversity (within habitat), number (and type) of layers, presence/absence (and type) of management, presence/absence (and type) of natural disturbances, aboveground biomass by indirect methods, presence/absence of groundwater table and presence/absence of susceptibility of the site to drought. Sampling plots are the same used for biomass and LAI measurements in the Orgovány LTER (KISKUN LTER) grassland. The aim of the yearly biomass and LAI measurements in the grasslands is to study the effect of weather to the plant production along a productivity gradient. Aboveground living plant biomass and LAI data from 24-30 grassland patches in Orgovány region of Kiskunság (Kiskunság National Park) along a productivity gradient from open sand grassland to reedbed, yearly from 2003 to 2012, were sampled approx. at the time of maximum aboveground biomass. The size of the patches are 20 to 50 sq-m, and each year one 0.5 by 0.5 m sampling unit is selected within each patch. The patches are permanent ones; some of them were omitted and replaced because of disturbance in several years. The aboveground living plant biomass data of separate species are submitted in HU_SI001199_species_biomass_20130508 dataset, and the EUNIS habitat types of the sampled patches are submitted in HU_SI001199_eunis_habitat_type_20130508 dataset.

This dataset contains vegetation survey data from an upland heath site in the Clocaenog Forest. This was done by pin point methodology, and data includes both pin hits as well as measurements converted into plant biomass (grammes per square metre). Vegetation was surveyed in the experimental plots at the Climoor site in 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012. The vegetation at the site is a typical UK upland heathland, dominated by Calluna vulgaris, with Vaccinium myrtillus and Empetrum nigrum also being present in the vegetation understory. In each year, measurements were taken at a time period of maximum growth, which was late August/early September. Individual species can be examined, as well as the different components of the higher plants (i.e. leaf, stem, flower). Data was collected by CEH staff and PhD students trained in the use of the methods. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.

This dataset contains daily micro-meteorological data from the experimental plots at the Climoor field site in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. It runs from 15/7/1999 until 30/06/2015, and contains air temperature, (degrees celsius) soil temperature (degrees celsius) at 2 depths (5 and 20centimetre) as well as soil moisture. The dataset has been quality checked, and incorrect or missing values removed, data has not been infilled. Climoor is a climate change manipulation experiment that utilises automated roof technology to produce drought and warming experimental treatments that reflect climate change predictions for the next 20-30 years.

This dataset provides photosynthesis data for the plant species Calluna vulgaris, Vaccinium myrtillus and Empetrum nigrum. Photosynthesis response curves were measured for Calluna vulgaris and Vaccinium myrtillus only. Photosynthesis was measured at the climate change field site Climoor which is located in Clocaenog forest, North East Wales. Photosynthesis measurements have been carried out in 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007; photosynthesis light response curves and Net Carbon Dioxide (CO2) assimilation rate (A), versus calculated substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci), (A/Ci), responses have been measured in 2002 and 2003. In 2005, the effects of drought on photosynthesis of all three species has been measured. In 2007, the effect climate change (warming and drought) has been measured on healthy, fungal affected and herbivory affected Vaccinium myrtillus leaves. The experimental field site consists of three untreated control plots, three plots where the plant canopy air is artificially warmed during night time hours and three plots where rainfall is excluded from the plots at least during the plants growing season (March to September). Photosynthesis measurements were carried out by trained members of CEH Bangor staff. The Climoor field experiment intends to answer questions regarding the effects of warming and drought on ecosystem processes. Plot level photosynthesis measurements are important to investigate ecosystem carbon dynamics and changes in the soil carbon under the imposed climatic treatments.