Data on grazing intensity on Krcedinska ada

Data contains parameters to show seedling-differences of grazed and ungrazed alpine and subalpine grasslands. Fences for grazing exclusion were established in 2000. Presented data confers to sampling in 2009. On permanent plots of different sites in Obergurgl, seedlings of different species were counted per plot, stand height was measured per plot and different coverage data was recorded. Additionally vegetation records were made on each sampled plot. Each site contains 6 permanent plots (3 Ex + 3 Co), one permanent plot has a size of 1 m². Ex = Exclosure site (ungrazed plots, plots within fences to exclosure grazing), Co = Control site (grazed plots, plots outside the fences). Data have been used for analysis and publications for the research center Berglandwirtschaft, Innsbruck.

Northern Negev Platform - Israel Grazing Exclosure Experiment - Annual Plant Dataset 1997-2016 Source: B. Boeken, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Species name: Adonis dentata Aegilops kotschyi Aegilops longissima Allium roseum Allium stamineum Ammochloa palaestina Anagallis arvensis Anchusa milleri Anemone coronaria Anthemis pseudocotula Argyrolobium uniflorum Arnebia decumbens Asphodelus racemosus Asphodelus tenuifolius Astragalus asterias Astragalus callichrous Astragalus dactylocarpus Astragalus epiglossus Astragalus peregrinus Astragalus hamosus Astragalus tribuloides Atractylis serratuloides Avena barbata Brachypodium dystachion Bromus alopecuroides Bromus fasciculatus Bromus rubens Bupleurum nodosum Bupleurum semicompositum Calendula arvensis Carthamus tenuis Centaurea hyalolepis Centaurea procurrens Crassula alata Crepis aspera Crucianella herbacea Cutandia memphitica Dactylon glomerata Dianthus judaicus Echium angustifolium Echinops polyceras Emex spinosa Erodium cicutarium Erodium crassifolium Erynchium creticum Euphorbia falcata Filago contracta Filago desertorum Fumaria Gagea reticulata Galium spec Glaucium corniculatum Gynandriris sisyrhinchium Gypsophila arabica Hedypnois cretica Helianthemum lediflorum Herniaria hirsuta Hippocrepis areolatus Hippocrepis unisiliquosa Hordeum glaucum Hormuzakia aggregata Hymenocarpus circinatus Ifloga spicata Ixiolirion tataricum Koelpinia liniaris Lactuca serriola Lamarckia aurea Lappula spinosa Launaea fragilis Leontodon lanicera Linaria albifons Linaria haelava Malva aegyptica Malva sylvestris Matthiola livida Neoturularia torulosa Nigella arvensis Noea mucronata Onobrychis crista-galli Ononis reclinata Ononis sicula Onopordum alexandrinum Ornithogalum trichophyllum Pallenis spinosa Parapholis incurva Paronychia arabica Phagnalon rupestre Phalaris minor Pituranthos tortuosus Plantago albicans Plantago coronopus Pterocephalus brevis Ranunculus asiaticus Reboudia pinnata Reichardia tingitana Reseda decursiva Rostraria cristata Salvia lanigera Salvia viridis Scabiosa porphyroneura Schismus arabicus Senecio glaucus Silene colorata Sonchus oleracea Spergularia diandra Stipa capensis Thymilea hirsuta Torilis arvensis Trifolium campestre Trifolium tomentosum Trigonella arabica Trigonella stellata Urginea undulata Vulpia ciliaris Location Park Shaked LTER, Northern Negev Coordinates 31°17' N, 34°37' E Elevation 200 m Area ca 300 ha Climate Rainfall between November and March Long-term mean annual rainfall ca. 200 mm/yr Mean min. winter temp. 6°C Mean max. summer temp. 34°C

Diaspores data (seed no., seed weight) of different species in different sites of Obergurgl are presented, in context to grazing and grazing-exclosure in subalpine and alpine grassland as well as in fens. Along an altitudinal gradient, permanent plots with size of 1 m² were recorded. Sites contain grazed (Co) and ungrazed (Ex) permanent plots. Ex = Exclosure site (ungrazed plots, plots within fences to exclosure grazing), Co = Control site (grazed plots, plots outside the fences). Fences and permanent plots were established in 2000. Data from recording year 2009 are presented. Grazing animals are sheep and horses. Data have been used for further analysis for the research center Berglandwirtschaft, Innsbruck.

Botanical monitoring of grazing livestock on several pastures (hungarian gray cattle, Przewalski hourses, white donkeys,...) with permanent plots.

During the long-term monitoring project in Obergurgl, soil chemistry was measured in 2000, 2003 and 2012. The project was established in 2000, with the aim to record vegetational development in subalpine to alpine altitudes in aspects on the effect of grazing and grazing exclosure. Basis for soil chemistry analysis were soil samples without plant material from two samples per study site. Results refer to soil dry weight. Samples were dried 3 weeks with 40-50°C. Analysis through Federal Agency for Agricultural Biology Linz, Austria (Bundesamt fuer Agrarbiologie).

During the long-term monitoring project in Obergurgl, stand height of vegetation was measured in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2011. The project was established in 2000, with the aim to record vegetational development in subalpine to alpine altitudes in aspects on the effect of grazing and grazing exclosure. Stand height was measured according to a template. Twelve measurements per plot (m²) were made. One plot has a size of one square meter (m²). Measurments were made with a folding meter stick. At four sites the following treatments were accomplished in 2005, 2006 and 2007: sowing and treading of vegetation in permanent plots. This data includes all the standheight-measurements.

Pasture areas as a proxy of grazing at 2007.

Pasture areas as a proxy of grazing at 1956.

The long-term monitoring project has the aim of recording the vegetational development in subalpine to alpine altitudes in different plant communities, to record critical changes in vegetation due to climate change. In the year 2000 permanent plots were established along an altitudinal gradient from 1958 m to 2778 m a.s.l. Besides the altitudinal gradient, the sites differ in locations and communities: subalpine area, timberline area, lower alpine area, upper alpine area and bogs. Also the effect of grazing was measured in several years; therefore fences at some sites were established to exclude grazers (domestic herbivores). In sum 126 permanent plots were established until 2018. One permanent plot has a size of 1 square meter (m²). Vegetation records were made with a metal frame with a size of 1 m². Frequency analysis were made. Data was collected seasonnally (summer) from 04.07.2000 to 05.10.2018. more then 800 Relevés are presented in the database. Data available at EUDAT-b2share database: https://b2share.fz-juelich.de/records/e6b042b812684a39bbb2fab86e20cf48