The LTER site Zöbelboden was equipped with highly modern infrastructure to assess the effects of extreme climate events on the forest ecosystem. The instruments include eddy covariance measurements for CO2 and water vapor fluxes at a tower (900 m a.s.l), and soil respiration auto-chambers, as well as combined sap flow sensors with automated dendrometers in the main footprint area of the eddy tower. This is the so called intensive plot 2 (IP2), which is equipped by a number of different field measurement devices for long-term monitoring (lysimeters water sampling, soil moisture and temperature sensors, manual dendrometers, deposition, litter fall) and supplemented by other monitoring activities (tree inventory, needle and leaf chemistry, soil chemistry). An optical multi-parameter probe for dissolved nitrogen and carbon was installed in the measuring weir of the catchment runoff at 577 m a.s.l. There, weekly water quality, runoff, and meteorology is monitored since many years. The related metadata refer to sap flow measurements and automated dendrometer records. The data can be viewed and downloaded via the link provided using the station names “ZOE_5250B00”, “ZOE_5005B00”, “ZOE_5234B00”, “ZOE_5004B00”, “ZOE_5230B00”, “ZOE_5227B00”, “ZOE_5141B00”, “ZOE_5164B00”, “ZOE_5064B00”, “ZOE_5079B00”, “ZOE_5082B00”, “ZOE_5106B00”.

Three species of amphibians and eleven species of reptiles have been documented in the White Mountains area. The relatively low number of herpetofauna species is due to the infrequency of surface water in the White Mountains. All of the species monitored are common throughout Greece. Aside for the terrestrial reptiles and amphibians, there monitoring (presence/absence) is also being performed for the Loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) in the coastal front of the National Park.

Abundance data (cfu/g, cfu/ml) of E. coli, coliforms and Vibrio were assessed in water, sediments and mussels from the Mar Piccolo of Taranto in order to evaluate fecal pollution and the environmental status

Cave microclimate is prone to important changes in certain passages due to intensive tourism. Monitoring the climatic parameters (air temperature, CO2) in Postojna-Planina Cave System helps to have a proper picture of the impact of tourism for the cave. It is very useful to compare if additional increase of temperature is associated with the changes at the surface climate. The dataset comprises two types of daily mean air temperature data: 1) the daily mean air temperature data (°C) measured in “Lepe jame” cave passage from Postojna Cave, counting constantly a very high number of tourists; the measurements were made in the same point, by three sensors placed at three different height points (in the wall cracks [T1], at ceiling level [T3], and at 2 m height [T2]). Values are recorded at 10 min intervals and then averaged for daily data (the dataset for Lepe jame cave passage is provided by MEIS Environmental consulting d.o.o. (http://www.meis.si/) while the data are part of the project "Assesment of natural and antropogenic processes in micrometeorology of Postojna cave system by numerical models and modern methods of data aquisition and transfer" [https://izrk.zrc-sazu.si/en/programi-in-projekti/assesment-of-natural-and-antropogenic-processes-in-micrometeorology-of-postojna#v]; 2) the surface daily mean air temperature measured at 2 m height (°C) at the Postojna meteorological station, as part of the national network of meteorological stations within the Environmental Agency of the Republic of Slovenia (ARSO; http://meteo.arso.gov.si/).

The long-term monitoring project has the aim of recording the vegetational development in subalpine to alpine altitudes in different plant communities, to record critical changes in vegetation due to climate change. In the year 2000 permanent plots were established along an altitudinal gradient from 1958 m to 2778 m a.s.l. Besides the altitudinal gradient, the sites differ in locations and communities: subalpine area, timberline area, lower alpine area, upper alpine area and bogs. Also the effect of grazing was measured in several years; therefore fences at some sites were established to exclude grazers (domestic herbivores). In sum 126 permanent plots were established until 2018. One permanent plot has a size of 1 square meter (m²). Vegetation records were made with a metal frame with a size of 1 m². Frequency analysis were made. Data was collected seasonnally (summer) from 04.07.2000 to 05.10.2018. more then 800 Relevés are presented in the database. Data available at EUDAT-b2share database: https://b2share.fz-juelich.de/records/e6b042b812684a39bbb2fab86e20cf48

199 bird species have been recorded in the White Mountains area, with the majority of which (108 species) passing through during their annual migration. Only 67 species nest in the White Mountains' area (49 permanently and 18 as summer visitors), whilst 24 more species hibernate here. A number of birds of prey are included in the reproducing species as are rock-nesting species. Samaria National Park is home to three large birds of prey, ie the Bearded vulture, the Griffon vulture and the Golden eagle. The importance of the Park's role in birds' biodiversity is marked out by it's declaration as one of BirdLIfe International's Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas. A concise monitoring program is being conducted since 2013 to keep track of the species relative abundance and presence, with monitoring/sampling stations spread throughout the entire area pf the National Park, from sea-level to higher altitudes.

The analyses are focused on monitoring coastal sand dunes landscape (mapping) of the central Adriatic area, which are representative of Mediterranean dune ecosystems and are partially included in the long-term ecological monitoring network (LTER - site code: LTER_EU_IT_081). Based on the use of specific GIS software and integrating photo-interpretation and classification of remotely sensed data, the study depict multi-temporal changes by mapping and updating land cover and vegetation information (1954- to date) of the cast of south Abruzzo and Molise regions. Specific attention is given to the identification of the seashore, dune habitats (coastal plant communities) and land cover types at a detailed spatial scale (1:5000).

In order to evaluate fecal pollution and environmental status Vibrio, E. coli and coliforms abundance from water, sediments and mussels in the Mar Piccolo of Taranto was assessed

An extended monitoring programme in the Samaria National Park, with semi-quantitative sampling methods to keep track of the relative abundance presence of various classes of the Arthropoda phyllum. Sampling frequency and density varies according to monitored species.

PLANNED (as of August 2016) regular monitoring activities of the Park's Natura 2000 habitats are specified in the new Park Protection Plan (currently in the final project stage, pending final approval and implementation resolution by the Minister of Environment). They'll altogether comprise 19 bird species, 8 mammal species (incl. 2 sp. of bats, wolf, brown bear, lynx, Tatra marmot, chamois), 2 amphibian species and 2 invertebrate species (beetles). Methodology-wise, depending on the species, they'll be conducted as 1 to several monitoring rounds/inspections performed annually or at several-year intervals, in most cases in a season-dependent manner, and will involve various, species-specific methods (field observations, tracking, transect counts, site inspection, counting/inventory of nests, colonies or dens/burrows, analysis of habitat area or condition, genetic sampling, etc. etc.). For the purpose of the Park's Protection Plan, nature inventory and assessment of the current state of conservation of the above-mentioned species was conducted and indicated by FV or U1 (no U2s or XXs, luckily) with respect to 3 parameters: population, habitat, future prospect - plus the cumulative value. The data may be available at the Park.