Frequency of plant species contacted every 10 cm along 4 transects 10 m long. Transects were set 20 years ago in an alpine grassland. The objective is to disentangle how the structure and composition of his habitat may be changing

Counts of individuals in permanent plots, for endangered and rare plants, or at the limit of distribution. Used to estimate population trends and risk of extinction

SKA is situated in the Nama Karoo Biome approximately 80km North of Carnarvon. The SKA Meerkat site is a radio protected area situated in the Northern Cape province on which a part of the Square Kilometre Array has been built.

In Obergurgl, a homogenously structured pine forest consists of old pines (Pinus cembra) in the terminal stage. The community was defined as Vaccinio-Pinetum cembrae nardetosum. species composition and number of three dwarf shrub communities were studied for nine years (2000–2008) in 1-m² permanent plots. To document the pineforest (Pinus cembra), 20 vegetation records were made from 11.08.2010 to 25.08.2010 Vegetation records were made in plots according to scale and minimum areal of Braun-Blanquet (1964).

Field work - plot measurements (n=18, 50 m x 50 m)

Vegetation survey data of mature beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) plantation at the LTER site Sonian forest (LTER_EU_BE_02), Belgium. The percentage cover of vascular plant and moss species was recorded on 10 x 10 m (100 m²) permanently marked subplots between the years 1996 and 2017.

Vegetation survey data of mixed oak-beech (Quercus robur L., Fagus sylvatica L.) plantation at the LTER site Gontrode (LTER_EU_BE_03), Belgium. The percentage cover of vascular plant and moss species was recorded on 10 x 10 m (100 m²) permanently marked subplots between the years 1996 and 2017.

Vascular plant cover estimated in the Kiskunság Restoration Experiments (1995-2019). The Kiskun Restoration Eperiments are located in abandoned arable land and clear-cut tree plantations mostly, but not entirely within LTER Fulophaza and close to the Bugac-Bocsa-Orgovany Site in the Kiskunság Sand Ridge. We have three restoration experiments with long-term monitoring of changes in plant species cover according to treatments. The locations are differentiated as stations in the database. Experiment one (Exp1) involved mowing as treatment (1995-2001) on clear-cut and chemically treated previous Robinia pseudo-acacia plantations in Fülöpháza, Izsák and Bugac (three stations). A 30 m x 40 m block was allocated for the mowing treatment at each site with twelve adjacent plots of 10 m by 10 m, with six control (unmowed) and six treatment (mowed) plots randomly selected. We also had some reference grassland plots. Monitoring took place in three permanent 2 m x 2 m units per each site (n=18/treatment) from 1995-1999, re-sampled several times until 2017. Data are accessible separately for the three sites (stations), sample ID reflects the 2 m x 2 m sampling units. Experiment two (Exp2) is located in Fülöpháza in on abandoned farmland (station). The experiment involved old-field sites. Treatment was carbon addition to induce soil N immobilization in 1998-2003. The block design was the same as above. Monitoring took place from 1998-2004, plus re-sampled less frequently till 2018. Data are accessible in one file for the station, sample ID reflects the 2 m x 2 m sampling units. Experiment three (Exp3) is also located in Fülöpháza in abandoned fields. Three stations are included that are abandoned arable fields of different age. Restorative treatments involved seeding, mowing and carbon amendment in 1 m x 1 m units (n=64) from 2003 to 2008. Monitoring took place in 2003-2008, resampled in 2019. Data are accessible separately for the three sites (stations), sample ID reflects the 1 m x 1 m sampling units with indication of treatments.

Field work - plot measurements (n=18, 50 m x 50 m)

The area was used as small-scale ploughland and vineyards between app. 1900 and 1960. From 1960 it was gradually abandoned and became a part of the Kiskunsag National Park. We distinguished 4 age-groups of old-fields according to the time of the abandonment: 1–6, 7–11, 12–25 és 26–35 years old abandoned fields in year 2000. In every age-group 10–10 (total 40) 4 m × 4 m large permanent vegetation survey plot were established. We made vegetation survey (presence and cover of every vascular plant species) in the year 2000, 2008, 2010, 2015, 2017 and 2020.